by Carolyn Thomas ♥ Heart Sisters (on Blue Sky)
An article published in the journal Nature (September 15, 2025) takes a hard look at why so few women are included in heart research.1 This is not news. Clinical research in cardiovascular medicine has historically focused on male participants, often excluding women due to flimsy ethical, legal or regulatory issues.2 And I’ve been asking questions about this pervasive gender gap in cardiology ever since I survived a misdiagnosed widow-maker heart attack in my 50s.
Until 1993, in fact, many cardiovascular trials (such as the Physicians’ Health Study) included men only. In most cases, in fact, even laboratory studies included male animals only. Continue reading “Why are women (still!) under-represented in medical research?”



